Turning-lathe



(No Mom.) 3 Shengsheet 2.

` R. FQDARLING. TURNING LATHE. n No. 400,550. l PatentedApr. 2, 1889.

'/Ytrisses. v fm/ntor.

4M ijn/ff UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

ROBERT E. printing, or sENEoA FALLS, NEW YORK.

TuRNlNe-LATHE.

` SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 400,550, dated April 2, V1889.

Application filed July 31, 1888. Serial No. 281,568. (No model.)

To ir/ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT F. DARLING, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Seneca Falls, in thecounty of Seneca and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Lathes, of which the folllowing is a specification.

My invention relates to that class ofV lathes for machines usually employed in iron workings for turning, boring, thread-cutting, and

' similar y operations.

such parts of a lathe of the class referred to as it may be necessary to show in order to explain my invention. Fig. 2,'Sheet l, is a top or plan View of the principal parts represented in Fig. l. Figs. 3 and 4, Sheet l, are details representing the manner in .which I proceed in order to construct the feed-rack. Fig. 5, Sheet l, is a detail showing more fully the means employed for shifting the reversing-clutch. Fig. 6, Sheet 2, is an end viewof a lathe embodying my improvements. Fig: 7, Sheet 2, is a front view of the same, showing more fully the Vapron and the parts appearing in front of the same than the said parts are shown in Fig. l. Fig. 8 is a front elevation or view showing the means employed for turning cylinders. having Variable diameters. Fig. 9 is a section in the plan of the linev a: x, Fig. S, enlarged.

Like letters Of reference indicate like parts. I have not attempted to represent either the head-stock or the tail-stock, as my improvements do not relate particularly thereto. A represents the frame or bed of the lathe. a a are carriage-ways, and B is the carriage. C is the tool-block or tool-carrier, and b is a wayonwhich it moves across the carriage.

D is a pinion mounted rigidly on the cross yfeed Screw or worin E, on the outer end of which is a crank or handle, F, for rotating the same by hand. G- is the apron wiz' ./n, as usual, is in rigid connection with the carriage B;

Il is the rack, which is rigidly. attachel'l to the frame or bed. This rack isa pcculiarity of my invention, and may be constructed in various ways, so far as relates to the operation of making. I deem it preferable to construct it by casting a block upon a form consisting of a cylinder or core. This block I tap out, after which I out the same, as indicated by the dotted' or broken lines in Fig. 3, wherein I represents the nut or block referred to, and which, as will be perceived, is thus divided into four like parts. These parts I separate and arrange end to end longitudinally in the same line, the spirals being outward. A rackl four times the length of the block or nut and having an inwardly-curved face on which there are inclined grooves and ribs arranged alternately is thus formed, and this rack I apply to the f rain'e or bed rigidly vand i-n substantially the position indicated in Figs. l and G.

J isa shaft arranged parallel to the said rack and turning in suitable bearings, a. a', extending from the carriage. K is a comparatively short worm or spiral mounted rigidly on the shaft .I and engaging the rack. A

L is a beveled pinion rigidly applied to one end of the shaft J. p I M is a shaft passing horizontally through a curved slot, N, in the apron.

O is a cog-wheel turning on the shaft M.

P is a sleeve or hub rigidly attached to the wheel O, and Q is a bevel-gear rigidly attached to the said hub or sleeve and adapted and arranged to engage the gear-wheel L.

R is a nut on the outer end of the shaft M, it being understood that vthe wheel O or its hub or sleeve is prevented from slipping toward the inner end of its shaft in any suitable or well-known way,'and that the said shaft is threaded to receive the nut R. It will now be perceived that the said shaft and the parts mounted thereon may be raised by loosening the said nut and secured firmly in their altered position by tightening the said` Loo nut. The slot N, through which the said shaft passes, is of such size and form as to permit the wheel O to be raised into engagement with the pinion D, thus carrying the gear-wheel Q from engagement with the wheel L. It may here be explained that the carriage B will now be firmly held in place, and that the material being operated upon will no longer be affected by any longitudinal-feed movement. This result follows, for the reason that the worm l is in engagement with the rack ll and out of engagement with the longitudinal feedgearing, as will hereinafter more fully appear. It may also be here stated that the wheels O and l), when engaged, transfer the feed-movement to the cross-feed, as will also be further explained.

S is a shaft having a bearing in the apron. T is a crank or handle on the said shaft.

U is a cog rigidly mounted on the shaft S and engaging the wheel O. The wheel U carries a mitered or beveled cog, l".

A is a shaft turning in suitable bearings, l1 b', extending from the carriage.

B 3 are mitered wheels engaging the cogwheel U and through which the shaft A passes freely.

C is a sliding toothed clutch keyed or splined to the shaft A, so as to be capable of sliding thereon, but turningtherewith. This clutch is arranged between the wheels B l',

Aand these wheels are toothed, as shown at l d,

to be engaged by the said clutch alternately, according to the position of the latter.

D isa forked arm. an annular groove in the clutch C. In the example shown the arm D slides in fixed supports, and is angular in form, as shown in Fig. 5; but it may be pivoted or differently formed, as may be deemed best.

For the purpose of connecting the longitudinal-feed gear with the cross-feed gear mechanically, so as to automatically control both feed-movements at the same time for producing tapering work or to make variable the diameter of cylinders being operated upon, I employ means substantially such as l will now describe.

E is a disk mounted on the shaft S removably, but so as to be rotated therewith.

e e are radial teeth or gear arranged in concentric circles 011e within the other upon the outer side or face of the said disk.

F is a shaft turning in a sleeve or bearing, G', applied to the outer side of the apron.

ll is a worm or spiral gear mounted rigidly on the shaft F and engaging the pinion D.

l is a beveled cog or pinion keyed to the shaft l1", so as to be capable of being adjusted thereon to engage either series of the teeth c c', it being' understood that the teeth of the pinion I are adapted for engagement with the different series of teeth c e', according as t0 which series the said pinion may be set to engage.

It will be observed, on reference to Fig. S,

The forked end enters that the worm or spiral ll, as there shown in full lines, engages one side of the pinion D. The bearing G', however, may be shifted, so that the said worm or spiral'will be in engagement with the opposite side of the said pinion, and so that the pinion I will remain in engagement with the toothed disk E, as n1- dieated by the dotted or broken lines shown in the figure last referred to. To shift the pinion I from one series of teeth to another, I loosen or temporarily detach the bearing G', which is also capable of being shifted to the position referred to. t

It `will be perceived that when the clutch is in engagement with one of the wheels l .ll that the gearing then driven by the said clutch will be rotated in one direction and 1n the opposite direction when the said clutch engages the other of the said wheels, while the shaft A revolves eontinuouslyinthe same direction. lVhcn the said clutch engages neither of the said wheels, the carriage may be moved to any position desired by means of the crank T. It is to be observed, however, that either the longitiulinal-feed movement or the cross-feed movement can be controlled in this manner, according tothe wheels engaged alternately, by shifting the position of the shaft M, it being understood that the wheel O is always in engagement with the wheel U and that the shaft A represents the driving-shaft It will also be perceived from the foregoing description that as the shaft S is rotated a rotary movement will be imparted through the medium of the shaft l1" and the gearing thereon, so that thecrossfeed movement will operate simultaneously with the longitudinalfeed movement, and the tool, therefore, will be so moved as to produce tapering work.

The degree of taper maybe Varied by shifting the pinion I from one to the other series of teeth, c c', and the direction of the crossfeed movement may be reversed by shifting the worm Il from one to the other side ot' the pinion D, as described. Cylinders may thus be turned, so that when finished the diameter of any 'one will be variable or have a tapering surface, and more than one tapering portion may be so made on any one cylinder. Similar variations may be made in boring.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Paten-t, is-

l. The combination, in the longitudinalfeed mechanism of a lathe, of a short or comparatively short rotary screw, worm, or spiral turning in suitable bearings extending from the carriage, and a long or comparatively long rack engaging the said screw and secured to the frame orbed of the lathe, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, in the longitudinalfeed mechanism of a lathe, of a short or comparatively short screw, worm, or spiral turn- IOO IlO

ing in suitable bearings extending from the carriage, a long or comparatively long rack engaging the said screw and secured to the frame or bed ot the lathe, and shifting-gear constituting a part of the longitudinal-feed mechanism and arranged to engage alternately a gear or pinion on the shaft or spindle of the said Worin and a pinion or gear in the cross-feed mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In the feed mechanism of a lathe, the hereinbefore-described means for reversing the feed-movement, the said means consisting of the shaft A, the bevel-gears B B, turning loosely on the said shaft and havingvclutchengaging. teeth, the sliding clutch C', mounted on and turning With the said shaft and arranged between the saidA gears, the Wheelor gear U engaging the said bevel-gears, an arm for shifting the said clutch, and the apron of the lathe, substantially as and for the purposeV specified. l

4. A lathe in Which the longitudinal-feed movement and the cross-feed movement are produced independently by means of a shifting-gear in continuous engagement With driving-gear constituting a part of t-he means for producing both the said movements, and alternately in engagement with the 'gear directly employed for moving the carriage andy thev gear for moving the tool-block, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. A rack made in sections arranged end. to

end in a line and having an inwardly-curved outer face on which are inclined alternate grooves and ribs, in combination with the frame or bed of alathe and the carriage-moving mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose speciiied.

`6. A lathe in which the longitudinal-feed gearing and the cross-feed gearing are combined With supplemental-feed gearing for simultaneously operating the longitudinahteed gear and the cross-feed gear, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination, in a lathe, of the Wheel D, constituting a part of the cross-feed gearing, the gears H and I and their shaft, the gear E, having thereon one or more sets of teeth, e e, the" latter being in operative engagem ent With the Wheel D through the medium of the gears H and I', and the longitudinal-feed gearing, substantially as and for the purpose specified.'

8. The combination, in alathe, of the Wheel D, constituting a part of the cross-feed gearing, the gears H and I and their shiftingshaft F', the gear E', having thereon one or more sets of teeth, e e', the latter being in operative engagement with the wheel D through the medium of the gears H and I', and the longitudinal-feed gearing, substantially as and'for the purpose speciied. i

Signed at Seneca Falls, in the county of Seneca and State of New York, this 26th day of July, A. D. 1888.

ROBERT F. DARLNG.

lVitnesses:

JASPER N. HAMMOND, FRANK HOLLERAN. 

